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Textile Applications |
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Desizing Enzymes |
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Alpha-amylase is commonly used in textile industries to remove the starch warp sizing from fabric. The warp (starch) size protects is used during the weaving stage as a coating on the yarn to minimize yarn breakage. However due the warp size the fabric becomes stiff and unsuitable for further processing. Amylase is used to remove the size (starch) making the fabric softer and suitable for further processing (dyeing & printing). |
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Aumgene offers the following amylase in liquid and powder form for textile desizing applications. |
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A low temperature amylase for desizing in the temperature range 25-60°C. |
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Thermostable Amylase for desizing enzyme at temperature range of 80-110°C. |
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Wide temperature amylase for desizing at temperature range of 20-90°C. |
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Fabric Processing |
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With the advent of cellulase enzymes stonewashing of cotton fabric with only pumice stones is gradually becoming obsolete. Use of cellulases along with pumice stones for stonewashing of denim garments the stonewashing cycle time can be reduced to half. Also use of cellulase along with pumice stone alone has several other advantages such as reduced energy cost, reduced handling and removal of stone pieces from the demin fabric after stonewashing and most importantly better softness and strength retention of the stonewashed garments. |
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For textiles, earlier only acid cellulases which have a operating pH of 5 were available. Althought acid cellulase offer high level of faded effect, they are more aggressive and reduces the fabric’s tensile strength. They also cause high amount of backstaining (redeposition of the dye on the fabric). So acid cellulase should be used where high amount of fading is desirable and backstaining is not a concern. |
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Neutral cellulases have a operating pH of 6.5 – 7.0. They do not reduce the fabric’s tensile strength and cause backstain as severely as acid cellulases. However, neutral cellulase are less aggressive than acid cellulases. So neutral cellulases should be used where retention of fabrics strength and low backstaining is desired. |
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In addition to stonewashing of denim garments cellulases are use for removal of surface hairs from garments (Biofinishing). The removal of surface hairs gives a softer feel to the fabric. |
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In addition to amylase and cellulase for various textile applications catalase enzyme is used to remove residual peroxide after bleaching of fabric to improve dyeing process. |
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Aumgene offers the following enzymes in liquid and powder form for textile processing applications. |
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Acid cellulase enzyme for stone washing for denim garments. |
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Acid cellulases for getting fade effect on fabrics dyed with reactives and pigment dyes. |
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Neutral cellulase for stone-wash looks with no backstaining for denims. |
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Acid cellulases for better texture, softness, removal of surface fibres and prevention of pill formation on cellulosic fabric. |
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Catalase enzyme for complete peroxide killing from the bleached fabric essential for better reactive dying efficiency. |
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Protease enzyme for silk degumming and wool finishing. |
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Enzymes that imparts a leathery sand-washed feel to silk. |
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Pectinase enzyme for ecofriendly scouring of cotton and its blends. |
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Multi-enzyme formulation for highly effective scouring of cotton and its blends. |
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Starch processing |
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Acid hydrolysis of starch has several disadvantages and is replaced by enzymatic hydrolysis. Various enzymes are now available to undertake almost every step of the starch processing. Through enzymatic conversion starch can be converted to different varieties of syrups for a wide range of applications. |
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The first step in starch liquefaction involves the gelatinised and liquefied starch suspension is treated with heat-stable alpha amylase to produce maltodextrin which is converted to dextrose equivalents after further reaction with the amylase enzyme. |
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After the liquefaction step starch saccharification is done. For the saccharification step, usually glucoamylase or fungal alpha amylase is used to break down the maltodextrins into mostly glucose and some maltose and isomaltose. Some of our formulations also include a pullulanase which act as a de-branching enzyme and act as an aid to saccharification. Usually fungal alpha amylases are used when the desired end product is syrups with higher maltose content. |
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In order to produce fructose which is an isomer of glucose and almost twice as sweet as glucose the saccharified starch is treated with immobilized glucose isomerase is used. |
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Aumgene manufactures a wide range of amylase, glucoamylase, pullulanase and glucose isomerase for the starch industries. |
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Thermostable alpha amylase for starch liquefaction. |
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Glucoamylase & fungal alpha-amylase for starch saccharification |
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Glucose Isomerase for conversion of glucose to fructose. |
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Paper & Pulp. |
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Pulp and Paper are made up of cellulosic fibers. Aumgene’s offers enzymes for various applications for the Pulp and Paper Industry. The enzymes modify cellulose fibers and optimize the bleaching, refining, de-inking and waste water processing for recycle. The enzymes have been formulated to work on recycle as well as virgin grades. Use of enzymatic treatment offers several benefits to the paper and pulp industry such as energy savings, improved brightness, improved strength, cleaner white water systems, less linting and dusting and environmental benefits like wastewater stream cleaning and reduction in total Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). |
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Paper pulp is a plant derived material which comprises mainly of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose that can be processes / modified for various industrial use through the use of enzymes. Enzymatic treatments can be used for biorefining to improve strength, white water cleanliness and reduce energy consumption; for de-inking when using recycled paper for pulp, for bleach boosting to reduce the usage of bleaching chemicals and waste treatment to allow an increase in BOD and COD removal. |
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Thermostable alkaline xylanase enzyme for bleach boosting in the pulp & paper industry. It improves bleaching properties of all types of pulps such as bamboo, softwood and hardwood kraft pulps at wide temperatures and alkaline pH. |
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Enzyme system for deinking of pulp. |
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Leather |
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Before tanning the hides and skins is essential to parially or totally remove the protein and fat deposits between the collagen fibres. Proteases are commonly used for protein removal and lipases are used to remove the fat. For effective application the enzymes are commonly formulated with by surfactants and organic solvents. |
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For enzymatic dehairing (soaking, bating and liming), proteases are used. For degreasing applications (hydrolization of fat) lipases are used on the flesh side and inside the skin structure. In addition to their effectiveness in dehairing and degreasing Proteases and Lipases reduce the need for surfactants, organic solvents and other hazardous chemicals giving strong environmental benefits |
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Aumgene offers the following enzymes in liquid and powder form for the leather industry, |
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Protease enzyme formulation for fast scud loosening and wetting & degreasing of all types of leathers. |
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Alkaline proteolytic enzyme system with lipase side activity for efficient removal of fat leather for optimum bating action. |
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Acid protease enzyme system for bating of limed/pickled pelts and in the enzymatic slackening of wet blues and vegetable crust leather. |
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Lipase enzyme system with excellent degreasing properties for removal fats from skin and hair. |
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Protease enzyme for effective dehairing of leather. |
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Baking |
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The usage of enzymes the baking industry has become widespread. One of the most desired attributes for the manufacturer as well as consumer of baking products is anti-staling (i.e. increased shelf life). This attribute is achieved by using amylase which transforms the starch content in the bread. The starch is transformed by using specialized amylases during production. |
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Formation of proteins called gluten during dough making is a very important aspect of baking. The uniform rise of the bread due to use of yeast is dependable on the gluten structure. Enzymes of the Xylanase family increase the gluten strength resulting in uniform rise. |
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Aumgene offers the following enzymes in liquid and powder form for baking applications. |
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Fungal alpha amylase derived from Aspergillus sp. It breaks down starch in flour into reducing sugars which are readily fermentable by yeast. By adding it the flour gets uniform amylase activity and causes uniform gas production during baking resulting in higher loaf volume. It also enhances the fermentation process to make bread with higher volume and even crumb structure. |
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Xylanase for strengthening and improved dough handling. |
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Juice and Fruit Processing Enzymes |
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Various attributes of juice and fruit processing industry are now met with different classes of enzymes. With the help of enzymes various problems such as low juice yield, lack of color, poor cloud stability, etc are handled effectively. Pectinases and Amylases group of enzymes are most commonly used for this application. |
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Aumgene offers the following enzymes in liquid and powder form for juice and fruit processing industry. All the following enzymes are made using GRAS (Generally Regarded As Safe) organisms |
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High activity of Pectinase (polygalacturonase and pectin esterase) derived from Aspergillus nigerforclarifying of fruit juices and for wine manufacturing. |
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Pectin lyase with no other side activities for preservation of "cloud" in pulp wash applications or other applications that require controlled viscosity reduction. |
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Amylase for breakdown of starch in fruit juices. |
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Cellulase for digestion of plant cell wall constituents during pulp manufacturing. |
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Animal Feed |
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Enzymes act as very helpful digestive aid for animals. Enzymes added when added to animal feed help break down the raw feed materials and functioning as an extension of the animal’s natural digestive system. This is especially important for young monogastric animals whose digestive tracts have not fully matured. |
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Cereals are commonly used as poultry feed. However many cereals have a portion of energy content locked up in the form of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP). Monogastric animals are unable to use energy in the form of NSP. However adding specific enzymes to the feed can aid in breaking down the NSP present in the feed. Enzymatic breakdown of the NSP releases the starch and protein molecules that would have otherwise remain locked in the cereal’s structure. This leads to more efficient energy and protein utilization in the feed by the animal. |
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Also in some cereals a large proportion of the NSP is soluble. This causes creation of high viscosity in intestines of monogastric animals causing digestive impairment. Enzyme can be used to help break down the NSP’s viscosity in the animals’ intestines and hence enhancing the digestion of the animal feed. |
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A majority of the mineral phosphorus in commonly used animal feed is bound in the form of phytic acid, which cannot be degraded by monogastric animals. By using enzyme Phytase the bound phosphorus gets liberated and this reduces the phosphorus content of the feed |
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Multienzyme blend consisting of amylases, proteases and beta glucanases with other enzymes. For use as multipurpose additives in animal feeds. |
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Multienzyme blend of xylanases and betaglucanases for use in animal feed with wheat, barley, oats, etc. |
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Phytase for breakdown of phytic acid in animal feed. |
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Xylanase for addition to animal feed containing various complex carbohydrates such as xylan, glucan, etc. |
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Alpha amylase for use in animal feeds based on starchy feeds such as corn to hydrolyze starch to short chain dextrins and dextrose. |
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Protease for use in animal feeds to hydrolyze proteins to peptides for more rapid or easier hydrolysis to amino acids. |
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Cellulase for breaking down animal feeds with high cellulosic matter. |
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Brewing enzymes |
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In beer production the starting material (fermentation media) is made through a process known as mashing in which crushed barley malt is mixed with hot water in large vessels. In addition to malt other starch rich cereals such as corn, sorghum, rice and barley or pure starch are also used to increase the starch content (carbon source for the yeast fermenation). In addition to the carbon source (starch) the yeast also requires nitrogen for proper growth. The protein present in the malt and other cereals can be utilized as a source of nitrogen. However the protein content of malt has to be solubilized for its effective use by the brewing yeast. This can be achieved by using protease enzymes which breakdown proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids which can be utilized by the yeast. |
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During the mashing process starch based cereals such as maize, barley, rice etc are boiled before being added to the malt mash. However upon boiling the cereals the starch gets gelatinized and becomes very viscous and they need to be thinned (liquefied) before they can be pumped into the mashing vessel. The liquefication of the starch can be effectively done using heat stable alpha-amylase which are stable at 100 degrre C. |
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In order to aid filtration of the mash as well as the final beer filtration polysaccharides such as betaglucans and pentosans need to be broken down by adding betaglucanase. |
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Aumgene offers the following enzymes in liquid and powder form for brewing Industry. These enzymes are used in various stages of brewing. They can be used to modify wort viscosity, reduce calories, or remove chill haze. All the following enzymes are made using GRAS (Generally Regarded As Safe) organisms. |
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Heat-stable alpha amylase & Glucoamylase for starch saccharification (liquefaction) for production of fermentable sugar. |
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Neutral protease for solubilizsing the protein content of malt for better yeast growth and reduced fermentation time. |
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Beta glucanase for better wort separation and beer filtration. |
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Endoglucanase with other activities such as cellulase, hemicellulase, protease and glucoamylase for malt extraction and malting. |
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Biofuel – Ethanol |
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Ethanol Fermentation (Industrial and Fuel) |
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Aumgene has a wide range of enzymes that are very efficient in breaking down starch and other polysaccharides / carbohydrates that can be fermented to ethanol. Ethanol is commonly produced using any of the three feedstocks – Corn, Sugarcane juice or Molasses. The ethanol yield from using molasses feedstock as a source of fermentable sugar is very less companred to using sugarcane juice (as used in Brazil). Use of Corn as a fermentation feedstock requires enzymatic hydrolysis (using thermostable amylase and glucoamylase) to break down the starch to fermentable sugars. |
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However in order to meet the growing global demand for Industrial and Fuel Ethanol would require the use of other much abundant feedstocks such as Cellulose and hemicellulose as a starting material for ethanol fermentation. However this would require highly potent enzyme systems to breakdown cellulose into fermentable sugars. |
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In addition to offering the below enzymes for use in Ethanol fermentation (using Corn (starch) and other sources of starch reach materials), Aumgene’s R&D team is using modern molecular biology techniques to develop enzyme producing strains for hydrolysis of cellulosic material to ethanol production. |
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Multienzyme blend for efficient break down of starch granules at fermentation temperature. |
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Thermostable alpha amylase & Glucoamylase to breakdown starch into fermentation sugars like dextran. |
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Protease to break down the protein content in fermentation feedstock to provide required nitrogen for yeast growth. |
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Blend of cellulase and xylanase for processing of wheat and sorghum as fermentation feedstock. |
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Detergents |
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Detergents currently represent the biggest business segment for the global enzyme industry and their importance for detergent formulators is continuously increasing. In several detergent based cleaning applications Enzymes offer efficient, eco-friendly and energy-saving. Their strong advantages have made enzymes extremely useful for several consumer products worldwide especially for detergents. |
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Some of the primary advantages of benefits of using Aumgene’s detergent detergents are, |
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Improved cleaning result |
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Reduced washing times |
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Lower wash temperatures hence energy saving |
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Higher cleaning efficiency result in water savings |
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Eco-friendly |
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Aumgene offers a wide range of enzymes specially designed to be stable under detergent formulations and applications. Some of the major classes of enzymes that Aumgene offers for detergent formulators, |
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Proteases |
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Proteases are one of the most widely used detergent enzymes. Common protein based stains such as blood, egg, human sweat, etc are very effectively removed by Proteases. |
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Lipases |
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Oily and fatty stains are very tough to remove with chemical detergents especially at low temperatures. Lipases are capable in breaking down fats and oils. |
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Amylases |
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Amylases breakdown starch to smaller components and are very useful against stains caused by starch based food products like potatoes, chocolate, pasta, etc. |
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Cellulases |
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Apart from their principal function of stain removal detergents now also offer other functional attributes such as preserving the quality in terms of softness, texture and color of garment even after repeated wash cycles. Detergent manufacturers add this attribute to their product by using cellulase enzymes in their formulation. Cellulase enzymes act on cellulosic fibres (cotton and cotton blends) and remove microfibers from the fabric surface resulting in colour brightening, softening and removal of tough to remove dirt particles trapped in microfibers. |
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Enzymes with optimum pH in the alkaline range are suitable for use in detergent formulations. Aumgene offers the following enzymes for the detergent industry, |
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Alkaline Protease |
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Alkaline Lipase |
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Alkaline Cellulase |
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AQUA-Probiotics |
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Aumgene’s selected microbes are highly effective as a natural and effective way for maintaining the healthy conditions that are required for shrimp ponds. Refered to as Aqua-probiotics they are very effective for degrading organic waste and prevent build up of toxic substances and hence maintaining healthy and desirable the pond environment for shrimp farming. Use of Aumgene’s aqua-probiotics not only curtails the use of chemicals and antibiotics which are many times prohibited for export products but shrimp farmer also gains from them due to better growth, improved survival and disease resistance that is offered by the use of aqua-probiotics. |
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Some of the most common problems that shrimp farming faces include viral attacks, oxygen depletion and toxicity build-up in ponds. Treating of shrimp ponds with antibiotics and chemicals are not very effective and do not solve these problems. With the use of carefully selected microbes as aqua-probiotics offers a very strong solution to these problems. |
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Aumgene offers highly selective consortia of microbes that are very effective in degrading organic waste from shrimp ponds. It significantly improves the water quality of ponds and helps in maintaining proper algal balance and pond color which are essential for good shrimp yields. |
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OTHER PROBIOTICS |
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Aumgene also undertakes production of microbial probiotics for other applications such as Animal feed or Dairy Industries. We use effective probiotics strains from our own cell bank. We also undertake custom strain development and / or contract fermentation using customer supplied probiotics strains. |
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